Prepositions of Place (at, on, in)
These words tell us where people and things are. Put at, on or in before a place.
Structure
- in: inside something. Example: The cat is in the box.
- on: touching the top or side of something. Example: The book is on the table.
- at: next to a place, or there to do something. Example: She is at the door.
These words do not change. Use them before a noun: in the kitchen.
How the Grammar Works
Ask yourself three questions.
- Is it inside something? Use in. The dog is in the garden.
- Is it touching a surface, a street or a floor? Use on. The keys are on the shelf.
- Is it at a place, or there to do something? Use at. He is at the bus stop.
Common Use Cases
- Rooms and buildings (inside): The pizza is in the kitchen.
- Cities and countries: My friend lives in Spain.
- Surfaces, streets and floors: My shoes are on the floor. The shop is on Main Street.
- A level in a building: My room is on the second floor.
- A street with a house number: She lives at 10 King Street. With no number, we say She lives on King Street.
- A place we go to: I am at the station.
- Home, work and school: He is at work. We do not say the here. At school means as a student, to study.
- Sometimes both words are possible: We are in the park means inside the park. We are at the park means we are there, at a place we go to.
Frequent Mistakes and How to Avoid Them
- I am in home. - correct: I am at home. We say at with home, work and school.
- She lives at London. - correct: She lives in London. Use in for cities and countries.
- The book is in the table. - correct: The book is on the table. Use on for a surface.
- She lives on 10 King Street. - correct: She lives at 10 King Street. Use at with a house number.
Comparison with Related Grammar
The three words show different pictures:
- in the room - inside it
- at the door - next to it, a place
- on the door - touching it
We also use at for time: at 5 o'clock.
Example Sentences
- I am at home.
- The milk is in the fridge.
- The office is on the first floor.
- We are at the park.
- She lives in New York.
- The picture is on the wall.
- The children are at school.
- My uncle lives at 25 Green Road.
When to Use This Rule
Use at, on and in to say where something or someone is.